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Generative AI: A global guide to key IP considerations
Artificial intelligence (AI) raises many intellectual property (IP) issues.
On January 1, 2021, major reforms were effected to the Australian foreign investment framework, which apply to any foreign investments subject to the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 (the Act) occurring on or after January 1, 2021.
Under the Act, particular “significant actions” must be notified to the Foreign Investment Review Board (FIRB) prior to the foreign investment action. Notifiable actions are those that acquire a direct interest in an Australian entity or Australian business that is an agribusiness; acquire a substantial interest in an Australian business; or acquire an interest in Australian land. Whether or not an action is deemed “significant” varies depending on the type of action and the particular circumstances. Specifically, significant actions require a (i) change of control for entities or an Australian business, and (ii) a certain monetary threshold to be met.
The reform introduced a new category of “notifiable national security actions”, where a $0 threshold is applied. “Notifiable national security actions” are actions that involve:
A “national security business” is broadly defined as one involved in or connected with a “critical infrastructure asset”, telecommunications, defense or a national intelligence community (of either Australia or a foreign country), or their supply chains.
The Treasurer is able to make divestment orders and unilaterally impose new conditions or vary existing conditions after FIRB approval has been granted. This power is subject to various requirements, including:
The Treasurer is now also granted the power to unilaterally extend the decision period by up to 90 calendar days.
Non-compliance with the FIRB regime can result in significant fines for both corporations and individuals, including up to 10 years imprisonment for individuals.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) raises many intellectual property (IP) issues.
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The UK remains a world leader in offshore wind, accounting for roughly 20 percent of global offshore wind capacity, with 11.3 GW operational. It is forecast that installed capacity will rise to 19.5 GW by mid 2020s.
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On 21 May 2024, the European Council (or Council) adopted the so-called ‘Hydrogen and decarbonised gas market package’ (the Gas Package). The package contains a recast of the 715/2009 gas regulation (Gas Regulation) and a recast of the 2009/73 gas directive (Gas Directive) aimed at reforming the existing EU regulatory framework to support the deployment of renewable and low-carbon gases, in particular hydrogen. As such, it represents a major development in the EU gas market.
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