Publication
Generative AI: A global guide to key IP considerations
Artificial intelligence (AI) raises many intellectual property (IP) issues.
Global | Publication | November 2019
This article was written by Ekin İnal, Partner at İnal Kama Attorney Partnership, affiliate firm of Norton Rose Fulbright in Turkey.
Data Controllers' Registry or VERBİS is a publicly available database kept by the Data Protection Board (the “Board”), the decision-making body of the Turkish Data Protection Authority (the “DPA”). Unless exempt from the requirement, all data controllers (individuals and legal entities) who process personal data in Turkey must be recorded with VERBİS prior to processing any personal data. The majority of data controllers must register by the end of this year. However, there are certain actions to be taken by the data controllers that must be taken into consideration to avoid any delays and possible penalties by the DPA.
Data controllers that fail to fulfil this obligation may be subject to an administrative fine in an amount between TL 20,000–1,000,000 (approx. US$3,600-180,000).
The following data controllers must complete their registration with VERBIS prior to the deadlines set forth below:
To the extent they process personal data, individuals must also register with VERBİS by the applicable deadline.
When assessing the registration obligation of foreign data controllers, the DPA has not taken into consideration the number of employees, annual financial statements or the scope of activities. These criteria apply to Turkish data controllers. The DPA has stated that it is required and sufficient that a foreign data controller processes personal data of data subjects resident/located in Turkey and there seems to exist no de minimis threshold for registration.
If a data controller becomes subject to the registration requirement after the deadlines listed above (as it fulfils the criteria), then it must register with VERBİS within 30 days upon fulfilment of the criteria. Exemption from the registration requirement does not relieve data controllers of other duties and obligations under the data protection legislation.
The registration process is similar for local and foreign data controllers, except that the foreign data controllers must first appoint a representative (veri sorumlusu temsilcisi) for VERBİS-related actions.
Below-listed information is required for VERBİS registration:
Publication
Artificial intelligence (AI) raises many intellectual property (IP) issues.
Publication
The UK remains a world leader in offshore wind, accounting for roughly 20 percent of global offshore wind capacity, with 11.3 GW operational. It is forecast that installed capacity will rise to 19.5 GW by mid 2020s.
Publication
On 21 May 2024, the European Council (or Council) adopted the so-called ‘Hydrogen and decarbonised gas market package’ (the Gas Package). The package contains a recast of the 715/2009 gas regulation (Gas Regulation) and a recast of the 2009/73 gas directive (Gas Directive) aimed at reforming the existing EU regulatory framework to support the deployment of renewable and low-carbon gases, in particular hydrogen. As such, it represents a major development in the EU gas market.
Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest legal news, information and events . . .
© Norton Rose Fulbright LLP 2023